Kandaka — The Sudan Knowledge Platform

Named for the Kandakas — the warrior queens of ancient Nubia — this site brings their spirit of clarity and resolve to today's questions about Sudan. Articles and analysis on the country's economy and development, alongside reflections on its past, culture, and the people who shape its future.

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Latest Articles

Latest News

English
Sudan News

Burhan risks repeating Bashir’s failed Russia gambit, analyst warns

Sudan’s military leader Abdel Fattah al-Burhan risks repeating the mistakes of former president Omar al-Bashir The post Burhan …

ReportingNational EN
Culture

Studios destroyed, traditions saved: Artists fight to save Sudan’s culture

Artists in Sudan are working to save culture and traditions amid the country's war.

ReportingNational EN
Sudan War Monitor War & Security

RSF Drone Campaign Cripples Sudan’s Electricity Network

Successive strikes on power stations cause blackouts across army-controlled territory

AnalysisNational EN
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العربية
الحرب والأمن

الأمين العام للأمم المتحدة يدين تصاعد هجمات الطائرات المسيرة في السودان

أمستردام : 1 نوفمبر 2026 : راديو دبنقا أدان الأمين العام للأمم المتحدة أنطونيو غوتيريش... The post الأمين العام للأمم المتحدة يدين …

تغطية صحفيةNational AR
أخبار السودان

الأمم المتحدة تدين تصاعد هجمات المسيّرات في السودان

نيويورك 31 أكتوبر 2026 – أدان الأمين العام للأمم المتحدة، أنطونيو غوتيريش، السبت، تصاعد الهجمات بالطائرات المسيّرة في السودان من …

تغطية صحفيةKhartoum · Kordofan · Red Sea · Gedaref · Sennar · White Nile AR
صحة

السودان يتهم إثيوبيا بإطلاق مسيّرات تستهدف منشآت حيوية ويطالب المجتمع الدولي بالتحرك

طالبت وزارة الخارجية السودانية المجتمع الدولي بتحمل مسؤولياته إزاء ما وصفته باستخدام الأراضي الإثيوبية منصةً لانطلاق هجمات بطائرات …

تغطية صحفيةRed Sea AR
كل الأخبار ←

Digital reading selections

From Nile Bookstore

Nile Bookstore is separate from Kandaka’s editorial work. These clearly identified links are promotional.

Arabic edition cover of Bulletman number 1

Arabic Comics

Illustrated stories and restored comics presented for Arabic readers in accessible digital editions.

Browse Arabic comics →
Cover of Meroë, the City of the Ethiopians, featured in Sudan & the Nile

Sudan & the Nile

Explore books on Sudan and the Nile, including John Garstang’s illustrated account of ancient Meroë.

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Sudan in Images

New photographs are discovered daily; additions are reviewed weekly before publication in Arabic and English. Photo dates appear in titles and captions; historical images do not show current conditions.

Sandstone doorway with a winged sun disc, carved columns and arched openings at Naqa.
Hathor chapel at Naqa, 2016

The carved entrance of the Hathor chapel at Naqa, Sudan, photographed by Nina R on 26 March 2016. The columns, arched openings and winged sun-disc decoration match the chapel documented by the Naga excavation team. The source file's title and description incorrectly refer to pyramid reliefs at Meroe; Kandaka has corrected that identification. This photograph records the monument in 2016, not its present condition.

Nina R, via Flickr and Wikimedia Commons; image unmodified · CC BY 2.0 Wikimedia Commons
A forearm supported by wooden strips secured with bands.
A historical forearm splint, published in 1908

Wellcome identifies this as a reproduction of a photograph published in Robert Grenville Anderson’s 1908 book on medical practices in Kordofan. The individual photographer and exact capture date are not recorded. The image shows a forearm supported by a splint; it is historical documentation, not medical advice or evidence of treatment effectiveness. The image-level record M0005276 is licensed CC BY 4.0.

Photographer unrecorded / Wellcome Collection; reproduced in R. G. Anderson, 1908 · CC BY 4.0 Wellcome Collection
A man in a patched robe and turban stands in a doorway holding sandals.
A caretaker at the Khalifa’s House, around 1936

The catalogue identifies the man as the caretaker of the Khalifa’s House in Omdurman; his personal name is not supplied. The older caption’s generalisation about Mahdist followers is not adopted here as a factual identification. Matson Photo Service; Library of Congress, dated [1936]. The date is approximate. This historical image does not describe current conditions. The Library records no known restrictions on publication; that is not a declaration of public-domain status.

Matson Photo Service / Library of Congress · No known restrictions on publication Library of Congress

Art & Visual Heritage

Weekly artwork selections — New additions are scheduled each Saturday, prioritizing Sudanese artists, with creator credits and source links.

A curated companion to the photo stream: contemporary and historical art, photography, crafts, posters and book arts, with Sudan first and room for the wider world.

Nubian wall painting of the Virgin and Child beside Bishop Marianos in decorated ecclesiastical robes

Historical wall painting · Sudan / Nubia

Madonna and Child with Bishop Marianos

Painter unrecorded (Faras) · 1005–1036

Tempera on plaster from Faras, now in the National Museum in Warsaw. The source dates the painting to 1005–1036; this is the artwork date, not the photograph date. The individual painter is unrecorded.

View artwork & source ↗ National Museum in Warsaw · Photograph uploaded by Vert, Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Unmodified reproduction

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From the Library

All books →
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City Making in Africa: Urban Planning and City Management

Azza Mustafa Babikir Ahmed · 2020

Study of urban planning processes, governance, and city management challenges across African cities including …

File unavailable
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Republic of Sudan Ministry of Minerals: Geological Survey

MUSB OSMAN EBRAHIM; Hesham Aldeen Alkhar

Official geological survey publication of the Sudan Ministry of Minerals documenting mineral resources and …

File unavailable
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The impact of adjustment policies on Sudan's economic growth: empirical investigation

Alamedin A. Bannaga · 2005

World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 2(3/4), 352–376. Published 2 September 2005. …

View publisher abstract