Kandaka — The Sudan Knowledge Platform

Named for the Kandakas — the warrior queens of ancient Nubia — this site brings their spirit of clarity and resolve to today's questions about Sudan. Articles and analysis on the country's economy and development, alongside reflections on its past, culture, and the people who shape its future.

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Latest Articles

Latest News

English
France 24 Africa War & Security

'Neither the Sudanese military, nor the RSF take any acknowledgement of human life in this …

The death toll from a drone strike Monday on a market in an area disputed between Sudan and South Sudan has risen to 153 and is …

ReportingNational EN
Sudan News

Fire destroys homes, displacing families in North Darfur village

A major fire swept through Um Darsay Diko village in the Ain Siro area of The post Fire destroys homes, displacing families in …

ReportingDarfur EN
War & Security

Sudan Founding Alliance ‘Tasees’ claims 21 civilians killed in West Kordofan airstrikes

The RSF-alligned Sudan Founding Alliance (Tasees) has accused the Sudanese Armed Forces of carrying out... The post Sudan Founding …

ReportingKordofan EN
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العربية
اقتصاد

المستوردون : توجيهات البرهان تستوجب قراراً رسمياً بإلغاء حظر استيراد السلع

الخرطوم 21 أكتوبر 2026 -رحبت الغرفة القومية للمستوردين بتوجيهات رئيس مجلس السيادة الانتقالي، الفريق أول ركن عبد الفتاح البرهان، …

تغطية صحفيةKhartoum AR
سودانايل الحرب والأمن

التعاون الخفي بين الجيش والدعم السريع

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمزورق الحقيقةأبوهريرة زين العابدين عبد الحليمالتعاون الخفي بين الجيش والدعم السريعوابعاد العقل العسكري من …

تغطية صحفيةNational AR
أخبار السودان

تأسيس: مقتل 21 مدنيا في قصف لمنطقتي الأضية وأبوزبد بغرب كردفان

غرب كردفان- 21 أكتوبر 2026- راديو دبنقاقال تحالف السودان التأسيسي ( تأسيس) أن مدينة الأضية... The post تأسيس: مقتل 21 مدنيا في قصف …

تغطية صحفيةKordofan AR
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Digital reading selections

From Nile Bookstore

Nile Bookstore is separate from Kandaka’s editorial work. These clearly identified links are promotional.

Authentic cover of Planet Comics number 6

Golden Age Comics

Digitally preserved public-domain adventures, mysteries and superheroes with generous page previews.

Explore the comic archive →
Arabic edition cover of Bulletman number 1

Arabic Comics

Illustrated stories and restored comics presented for Arabic readers in accessible digital editions.

Browse Arabic comics →

Sudan in Images

New photographs are discovered daily; additions are reviewed weekly before publication in Arabic and English. Photo dates appear in titles and captions; historical images do not show current conditions.

Sandstone doorway with a winged sun disc, carved columns and arched openings at Naqa.
Hathor chapel at Naqa, 2016

The carved entrance of the Hathor chapel at Naqa, Sudan, photographed by Nina R on 26 March 2016. The columns, arched openings and winged sun-disc decoration match the chapel documented by the Naga excavation team. The source file's title and description incorrectly refer to pyramid reliefs at Meroe; Kandaka has corrected that identification. This photograph records the monument in 2016, not its present condition.

Nina R, via Flickr and Wikimedia Commons; image unmodified · CC BY 2.0 Wikimedia Commons
Dark round-bottomed pottery jar with a short neck and impressed geometric decoration.
Decorated Meroitic jar from Nubia

A Meroitic jar with a rounded base and comb-impressed decoration, held by the Finnish Heritage Agency (KM17000:39:119:3). Its catalogue gives a broad date of 300 BCE–400 CE and links it to Nubia, listing both Egypt and Sudan rather than a clear modern-country findspot. The maker and photographic date are unrecorded. This entry uses the actual object photograph, not the accompanying archaeological drawing.

Finnish Heritage Agency, Archaeological Object Collection; photographer not named · CC BY 4.0 Finnish Heritage Agency
Historical group photograph beside a display of animal skulls, horns and skins in a courtyard.
Hunting trophies in a Khartoum courtyard, early twentieth century

A historical display of hunting trophies in a Khartoum courtyard, dated by the Náprstek Museum to the early twentieth century. The catalogue names Machulka and tentatively identifies Štorch, retaining a question mark; other people and the photographer are unnamed. The image documents historical hunting and collecting, not an endorsement of those practices. No precise capture year or species identification is asserted.

Photographer unknown; National Museum – Náprstek Museum, Bedřich Machulka photographic collection, Af I 808 · CC BY 4.0 National Museum / eSbírky

Art & Visual Heritage

Weekly artwork selections — New additions are scheduled each Saturday, prioritizing Sudanese artists, with creator credits and source links.

A curated companion to the photo stream: contemporary and historical art, photography, crafts, posters and book arts, with Sudan first and room for the wider world.

Nubian wall painting of the Virgin and Child beside Bishop Marianos in decorated ecclesiastical robes

Historical wall painting · Sudan / Nubia

Madonna and Child with Bishop Marianos

Painter unrecorded (Faras) · 1005–1036

Tempera on plaster from Faras, now in the National Museum in Warsaw. The source dates the painting to 1005–1036; this is the artwork date, not the photograph date. The individual painter is unrecorded.

View artwork & source ↗ National Museum in Warsaw · Photograph uploaded by Vert, Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Unmodified reproduction
Nubian Christian wall painting depicting the three youths in the fiery furnace

Historical painting · Sudan / Nubia

Three youths in the fiery furnace — Nubian church painting

Painter unrecorded · Historical painting; photograph published 2005

A Nubian church painting photographed at the museum in Khartoum. The descriptive title identifies the scene from Daniel 3; the record does not name the original painter or date the artwork.

View artwork & source ↗ Wikimedia Commons · Photograph by Ibrahim Omer / ancientsudan.org · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Unmodified

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From the Library

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Foreign Trade Barriers

Office of the US Trade Representative · 2021

The U.S. Trade Representative’s 2021 National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers, covering …

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The Destruction of Healthcare in Armed Conflict: Policy Implications and Accountability

Athena Madan · 2026

A perspective on how attacks against healthcare in war destroy both clinical capacity and the social worlds …

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Native Administration in Dar Humr: Tribal Society and Shifting Leadership

Agnes Maria Rokkan · 2008

Agnes Maria Rokkan’s complete 2008 University of Bergen master’s thesis, Native Administration in Dar Humr, …

Read thesis at repository